The propagation of between‐subject variability from dose to response.

7 HT $$\mathit{Ema}{x}_i~\mathit{LN}\left(\log \left(\mathit{Ema}{x}_{\mathit{\text{population}}}\right),{}_{\mathit{\text{Emax}}}\right)$$ ht 8 HT $$C_{50i}~\mathit{LN}\left(\log \left(C_{50}\right),{}_{C_{50}}\right)$$ ht The pharmacodynamic effect can therefore be calculated: 9 HT $$E_i=\mathit{Ema}{x}_i-\frac{C_{\mathit{ss},i}}{C_{{50}_i}+C_{\mathit{ss},i}}$$ ht Finally, we need to consider the system response. For many drugs, there may be more than one response system that contributes to variability (in responses), and hence, considering only one system will not capture the overall variability in drug response. [Extracted from the article]

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