Drinking deep seawater decreases serum total and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol in hypercholesterolemic subjects.

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  • Author(s): Fu ZY;Fu ZY; Yang FL; Hsu HW; Lu YF
  • Source:
    Journal of medicinal food [J Med Food] 2012 Jun; Vol. 15 (6), pp. 535-41. Date of Electronic Publication: 2012 Mar 16.
  • Publication Type:
    Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Language:
    English
  • Additional Information
    • Source:
      Publisher: Mary Ann Liebert, Inc Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 9812512 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1557-7600 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 1096620X NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Med Food Subsets: MEDLINE
    • Publication Information:
      Original Publication: Larchmont, NY : Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., c1998-
    • Subject Terms:
      Anticholesteremic Agents/*pharmacology ; Antioxidants/*pharmacology ; Cholesterol/*blood ; Cholesterol, LDL/*blood ; Hypercholesterolemia/*drug therapy ; Magnesium/*pharmacology ; Seawater/*chemistry; Adult ; Female ; Filtration ; Humans ; Hypercholesterolemia/blood ; Magnesium Chloride/pharmacology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Osmosis ; Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances/metabolism
    • Abstract:
      Drinking deep seawater (DSW) with high levels of magnesium (Mg) decreased serum lipids in animal studies. Therefore the effects of drinking DSW on blood lipids and its antioxidant capacity in hypercholesterolemic subjects were investigated. DSW was first prepared by a process of filtration and reverse osmosis, and then the concentrated DSW with high levels of Mg was diluted as drinking DSW. Forty-two hypercholesterolemic volunteers were randomly divided into three groups: reverse osmotic (RO) water, DSW (Mg: 395 mg/L, hardness 1410 ppm), and magnesium-chloride fortified (MCF) water (Mg: 386 mg/L, hardness 1430 ppm). The subjects drank 1050 mL of water daily for 6 weeks, and blood samples were collected and analyzed on weeks 0, 3, and 6. Drinking DSW caused a decrease in blood total cholesterol levels and this effect was progressively enhanced with time. Serum low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) was also decreased by DSW. Further, total cholesterol levels of subjects in the DSW group were significantly lower than those in the MCF water or RO water groups. Compared with week 0, the DSW group had higher blood Mg level on weeks 3 and 6, but the Mg levels were within the normal range in all three groups. DSW consumption also lowered thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) values in serum. In conclusion, DSW was apparently effective in reducing blood total cholesterol and LDL-C, and also in decreasing lipid peroxidation in hypercholesterolemic subjects.
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    • Accession Number:
      0 (Anticholesteremic Agents)
      0 (Antioxidants)
      0 (Cholesterol, LDL)
      0 (Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances)
      02F3473H9O (Magnesium Chloride)
      97C5T2UQ7J (Cholesterol)
      I38ZP9992A (Magnesium)
    • Publication Date:
      Date Created: 20120320 Date Completed: 20121004 Latest Revision: 20211021
    • Publication Date:
      20240104
    • Accession Number:
      PMC3359629
    • Accession Number:
      10.1089/jmf.2011.2007
    • Accession Number:
      22424458