Parasite distribution and associated immune response during the acute phase of Toxoplasma gondii infection in sheep.

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  • Additional Information
    • Source:
      Publisher: BioMed Central Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101249759 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1746-6148 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 17466148 NLM ISO Abbreviation: BMC Vet Res Subsets: MEDLINE
    • Publication Information:
      Original Publication: London : BioMed Central, 2005-
    • Subject Terms:
      Sheep Diseases/*parasitology ; Toxoplasmosis, Animal/*immunology; Acute-Phase Reaction/immunology ; Acute-Phase Reaction/parasitology ; Acute-Phase Reaction/veterinary ; Animals ; Antibodies, Protozoan/immunology ; Antigens, Protozoan/immunology ; Cytokines/blood ; Enterocytes/parasitology ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay/veterinary ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect/veterinary ; Intestines/parasitology ; Lymph Nodes/parasitology ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction/veterinary ; Sheep/parasitology ; Sheep Diseases/immunology ; Spleen/parasitology ; Toxoplasma/immunology ; Toxoplasmosis, Animal/parasitology
    • Abstract:
      Background: In many countries, Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) is a major cause of reproductive disorders and abortions in the sheep industry, and therefore responsible for important financial and economic losses. In addition, undercooked infected lamb is an important risk factor for human toxoplasmosis. In the present study, the initial phase of the infection was investigated: the parasite's entry site, the subsequent distribution of the parasite and the host-immune response.
      Results: Parasite DNA was already detected in the cranial small intestinal mucosa the first days after oral infection with T. gondii tissue cysts. Simultaneously, high IFN-gamma and IL-12 responses were induced mainly in the mesenteric lymph nodes. The emergence of IgG1 (at 8dpi), and IgG2 (at 11 dpi) was accompanied by a decrease or even disappearance of the IFN-gamma and IL-12 response in the Peyers' patches (PP), PBMC's and popliteal LN's. Meanwhile the parasite DNA could be recovered from most mucosal and systemic tissues to become undetectable in the small intestine, popliteal LN, PBMC and spleen 3 weeks pi.
      Conclusions: Our results indicate that parasites enter the cranial small intestine the first days after infection and that after an increase the first two weeks after infection, the parasite DNA levels in the intestine drop below the detection limit three weeks after infection. This coincides with an increase in parastic-specific serum IgG1 and IgG2 and a decrease of the antigen-specific IFN-gamma response in PP, PBMC and popliteal LN. We suggest a role for IFN-gamma and IL-12 in controlling the infection.
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    • Accession Number:
      0 (Antibodies, Protozoan)
      0 (Antigens, Protozoan)
      0 (Cytokines)
    • Publication Date:
      Date Created: 20141217 Date Completed: 20151120 Latest Revision: 20181113
    • Publication Date:
      20240104
    • Accession Number:
      PMC4279818
    • Accession Number:
      10.1186/s12917-014-0293-5
    • Accession Number:
      25511864