Oleuropein Is Responsible for the Major Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Olive Leaf Extract.

Publisher: Mary Ann Liebert, Inc Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 9812512 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1557-7600 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 1096620X NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Med Food Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: Larchmont, NY : Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., c1998-

Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/*pharmacology ; Dietary Supplements/*analysis ; Iridoids/*pharmacology ; Neutrophils/*drug effects ; Olea/*chemistry ; Plant Extracts/*pharmacology ; Plant Leaves/*chemistry; Anti-Bacterial Agents/analysis ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemistry ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/adverse effects ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/analysis ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/chemistry ; Cell Survival/drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Dietary Supplements/adverse effects ; Disk Diffusion Antimicrobial Tests ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial ; Escherichia coli/drug effects ; Escherichia coli/growth & development ; Food Preservatives/adverse effects ; Food Preservatives/analysis ; Food Preservatives/chemistry ; Food Preservatives/pharmacology ; Humans ; Iridoid Glucosides ; Iridoids/adverse effects ; Iridoids/analysis ; Lipopolysaccharides/toxicity ; Neutrophils/cytology ; Neutrophils/immunology ; Neutrophils/metabolism ; Osmolar Concentration ; Plant Extracts/adverse effects ; Plant Extracts/chemistry ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa/drug effects ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa/growth & development ; Staphylococcus/drug effects ; Staphylococcus/growth & development ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolism

Olive leaves are rich in polyphenolic compounds that are known to have antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory activities. Therefore, olive leaf extract (OLE) is considered as a natural supplement. In this study we evaluated the antibacterial and the anti-inflammatory effect of OLE and its individual phenolic components in vitro. Polymorphonuclear cells (PMNCs) were isolated from the whole blood using Histopaque solution and cultured in RPMI-enriched medium. Tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) level was determined by ELISA after 24 h of lipopolysaccharide stimulation. The antibacterial activity of OLE was determined by well diffusion assay. We found a significant decrease in TNFα secretion level in PMNCs culture treated with OLE. Oleuropein is the only OLE component that has shown anti-inflammatory effects at a concentration of 20 μg/mL. Furthermore, OLE exhibited antibacterial activity against some gram positive bacterial strains; however, gram negative bacterial strains were resistant to OLE. Downregulation of TNFα secretion in PMNCs culture in response to OLE treatment indicates that this polyphenol-rich extract has an anti-inflammatory effect, and oleuropein is the major OLE component responsible for this effect. The antibacterial activity of OLE is limited to gram positive bacteria.

Keywords: OLE; TNFα; gallic acid; oleuropein; olive leaf extract; phenolic compounds

0 (Anti-Bacterial Agents)
0 (Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal)
0 (Food Preservatives)
0 (Iridoid Glucosides)
0 (Iridoids)
0 (Lipopolysaccharides)
0 (Plant Extracts)
0 (TNF protein, human)
0 (Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha)
2O4553545L (oleuropein)

Date Created: 20171104 Date Completed: 20180925 Latest Revision: 20211204

20240104

10.1089/jmf.2017.0070

29099642