Formin proteins in megakaryocytes and platelets: regulation of actin and microtubule dynamics.

Publisher: Informa Healthcare Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 9208117 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1369-1635 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 09537104 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Platelets Subsets: MEDLINE

Publication: London : Informa Healthcare
Original Publication: Edinburgh ; New York : Churchill Livingstone, c1990-

Blood Platelets/*metabolism ; Megakaryocytes/*metabolism ; Microfilament Proteins/*metabolism; Actin Cytoskeleton/metabolism ; Actins/metabolism ; Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/genetics ; Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/metabolism ; Animals ; Formins ; Gene Expression ; Humans ; Microfilament Proteins/genetics ; Microtubules/metabolism

The platelet and megakaryocyte cytoskeletons are essential for formation and function of these cells. A dynamic, properly organised tubulin and actin cytoskeleton is critical for the development of the megakaryocyte and the extension of proplatelets. Tubulin in particular plays a pivotal role in the extension of these proplatelets and the release of platelets from them. Tubulin is further required for the maintenance of platelet size, and actin is the driving force for shape change, spreading and platelet contraction during platelet activation. Whilst several key proteins which regulate these cytoskeletons have been described in detail, the formin family of proteins has received less attention. Formins are intriguing as, although they were initially believed to simply be a nucleator of actin polymerisation, increasing evidence shows they are important regulators of the crosstalk between the actin and microtubule cytoskeletons. In this review, we will introduce the formin proteins and consider the recent evidence that they play an important role in platelets and megakaryocytes in mediating both the actin and tubulin cytoskeletons.

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PG/15/114/31945 United Kingdom BHF_ British Heart Foundation

Keywords: Actin; Formin; macrothrombocytopenia; microtubules cytoskeleton; proplatelet formation

0 (Actins)
0 (Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing)
0 (DIAPH1 protein, human)
0 (Formins)
0 (Microfilament Proteins)

Date Created: 20180619 Date Completed: 20190315 Latest Revision: 20210109

20240105

PMC6406210

10.1080/09537104.2018.1481937

29913076