Better horizontal transmission of a US non-InDel strain compared with a French InDel strain of porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus.

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  • Additional Information
    • Source:
      Publisher: Blackwell Verlag Country of Publication: Germany NLM ID: 101319538 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1865-1682 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 18651674 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Transbound Emerg Dis Subsets: MEDLINE
    • Publication Information:
      Original Publication: Berlin : Blackwell Verlag
    • Subject Terms:
      Coronavirus Infections/*transmission ; Disease Transmission, Infectious/*veterinary ; Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus/*pathogenicity ; Swine Diseases/*transmission; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Coronavirus Infections/veterinary ; Coronavirus Infections/virology ; Diarrhea/epidemiology ; Disease Outbreaks/veterinary ; Farms ; Feces/virology ; France ; Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus/genetics ; RNA, Viral/genetics ; South America ; Swine ; Swine Diseases/virology ; United States ; Virulence
    • Abstract:
      From the severe porcine epidemic diarrhoea (PED) epidemics that struck in 2013 in the United States of America and other countries of North and South America, two types of porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus (PEDV) were isolated, namely the InDel and the non-InDel strains. They are differentiated by insertions/deletions in the S1 nucleotide sequence of the S gene, and differences in virulence were observed from the clinical cases. In 2014, a PED outbreak occurred in a pig farm in France, from which an InDel strain was isolated. This study aimed at comparing, under experimental conditions, the pathogenicity and the direct and indirect transmissions between a non-InDel strain isolated from a PED-affected piglet in 2014 in the USA and the French InDel strain. All infected pigs showed clinical signs with the non-InDel strain although only the inoculated and direct contact pigs showed clinical signs in the InDel strain group. Although viral RNA was detected in air samples with both strains, the indirect contact pigs remained free from infection with the InDel strain in contrast to the non-InDel group in which airborne transmission occurred in the indirect contact pigs. All infected pigs shed virus in faeces regardless of PEDV strain with 9 of 30 pigs showing intermittent faecal shedding. The transmission rate by direct contact was found to be 2.17-fold higher than the non-InDel strain compared with the InDel. In conclusion, the InDel strain was less pathogenic than the non-InDel strain in our experimental conditions. The transmission route differed between the two strains. Direct contact was the main transmission route for the InDel strain, although the non-InDel strain was transmitted through direct contact and indirectly through the air.
      (© 2018 Blackwell Verlag GmbH.)
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    • Grant Information:
      Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique; Agence Nationale de Sécurité Sanitaire de l'Alimentation, de l'Environnement et du Travail; INAPORC
    • Contributed Indexing:
      Keywords: InDel strain; epidemiology; non-InDel strain; pathology; porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus; transmission
    • Molecular Sequence:
      GENBANK KR011756; MF37363
    • Accession Number:
      0 (RNA, Viral)
    • Publication Date:
      Date Created: 20180704 Date Completed: 20190118 Latest Revision: 20240328
    • Publication Date:
      20240329
    • Accession Number:
      PMC7169779
    • Accession Number:
      10.1111/tbed.12945
    • Accession Number:
      29968338