Microbiome Analytics of the Gut Microbiota in Patients With Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: A Longitudinal Observational Cohort Study.

Publisher: Wiley Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101623795 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2326-5205 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 23265191 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Arthritis Rheumatol Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: Malden, MA : Wiley, [2014]-

Arthritis, Juvenile/*microbiology ; Dysbiosis/*epidemiology ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome/*genetics; Arthritis, Juvenile/epidemiology ; Case-Control Studies ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cohort Studies ; Comorbidity ; Faecalibacterium prausnitzii ; Female ; Firmicutes ; Humans ; Italy/epidemiology ; Logistic Models ; Longitudinal Studies ; Male ; Metagenomics ; Netherlands/epidemiology ; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S ; Severity of Illness Index

Objective: To assess the composition of gut microbiota in Italian and Dutch patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) at baseline, with inactive disease, and with persistent activity compared to healthy controls.
Methods: In a multicenter, prospective, observational cohort study, fecal samples were collected at baseline from 78 Italian and 21 Dutch treatment-naive JIA patients with <6 months of disease duration and compared to 107 geographically matched samples from healthy children. Forty-four follow-up samples from patients with inactive disease and 25 follow-up samples from patients with persistent activity were analyzed. Gut microbiota composition was determined by 16S ribosomal RNA-based metagenomics. Alpha- and β-diversity were computed, and log ratios of relative abundance were compared between patients and healthy controls using random forest models and logistic regression.
Results: Baseline samples from Italian patients showed reduced richness compared to healthy controls (P < 0.001). Random forest models distinguished between Italian patient baseline samples and healthy controls and suggested differences between Dutch patient samples and healthy controls (areas under the curve >0.99 and 0.71, respectively). The operational taxonomic units (OTUs) of Erysipelotrichaceae (increased in patients), Allobaculum (decreased in patients), and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii (increased in patients) showed different relative abundance in Italian patient baseline samples compared to controls after controlling for multiple comparisons. Some OTUs differed between Dutch patient samples and healthy controls, but no evidence remained after controlling for multiple comparisons. No differences were found in paired analysis between Italian patient baseline and inactive disease samples.
Conclusion: Our findings show evidence for dysbiosis in JIA patients. Only patient/control status, age, and geographic origin appear to be drivers of the microbiota profiles, regardless of disease activity stage, inflammation, and markers of autoimmunity.
(© 2018 The Authors. Arthritis & Rheumatology published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of American College of Rheumatology.)

Comment in: Arthritis Rheumatol. 2019 Jun;71(6):842-845. (PMID: 30667170)

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0 (RNA, Ribosomal, 16S)

Date Created: 20181229 Date Completed: 20200106 Latest Revision: 20200309

20240105

PMC6593809

10.1002/art.40827

30592383