Does community social capital buffer the relationship between educational disadvantage and cognitive impairment? A multilevel analysis in Japan.

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  • Additional Information
    • Source:
      Publisher: BioMed Central Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 100968562 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1471-2458 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 14712458 NLM ISO Abbreviation: BMC Public Health Subsets: MEDLINE
    • Publication Information:
      Original Publication: London : BioMed Central, [2001-
    • Subject Terms:
      Educational Status* ; Social Capital*; Cognitive Dysfunction/*prevention & control ; Residence Characteristics/*statistics & numerical data; Aged ; Cognitive Dysfunction/epidemiology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Dementia/epidemiology ; Dementia/prevention & control ; Female ; Humans ; Independent Living ; Male ; Multilevel Analysis ; Social Networking ; Social Support ; Tokyo/epidemiology
    • Abstract:
      Background: This study explored the relationship between community social capital and cognitive impairment, with a focus on the buffering role of community social capital in the association between educational disadvantage and cognitive impairment in community-dwelling older adults in Japan.
      Methods: We used data from two population-based, cross-sectional surveys targeting people aged ≥65 years in a suburban city of the Tokyo metropolitan area (n = 897; 49.8% men; average age = 74.4 years). Social capital included social support (emotional and instrumental support) and the strength of social networks (neighborly ties). To create district-level social capital indicators, we aggregated individual responses on social capital within each district. The Mini-Mental State Examination, Japanese version was used for the assessment of cognitive function.
      Results: Using multilevel logistic regression analysis, we found that lower amounts of district-level emotional and instrumental support were associated with a greater likelihood of cognitive impairment among men. For women, district-level emotional support was associated with a greater likelihood of cognitive impairment. Additionally, a strong district-level social network buffered the relationship between low education and cognitive impairment in both sexes.
      Conclusions: Community social capital appears to have a protective role in determining cognitive function in old age. Our findings may facilitate the development of new community-based strategies to combat dementia.
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    • Contributed Indexing:
      Keywords: Buffering effect; Cognitive impairment; Japan; Multilevel analysis; Older people; Social capital
    • Publication Date:
      Date Created: 20191103 Date Completed: 20200117 Latest Revision: 20200117
    • Publication Date:
      20240104
    • Accession Number:
      PMC6825339
    • Accession Number:
      10.1186/s12889-019-7803-0
    • Accession Number:
      31675931