Predictors of never having a mammogram among Chinese, Vietnamese, and Korean immigrant women in the U.S.

Publisher: Public Library of Science Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101285081 Publication Model: eCollection Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1932-6203 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 19326203 NLM ISO Abbreviation: PLoS One Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: San Francisco, CA : Public Library of Science

Asian/*statistics & numerical data ; Breast Neoplasms/*diagnosis ; Emigrants and Immigrants/*statistics & numerical data ; Mammography/*statistics & numerical data ; Mass Screening/*statistics & numerical data ; Patient Acceptance of Health Care/*ethnology; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Asian/psychology ; Breast Neoplasms/prevention & control ; California ; China ; Culture ; Emigrants and Immigrants/psychology ; Female ; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Health Surveys/statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Mammography/psychology ; Mass Screening/psychology ; Middle Aged ; Patient Acceptance of Health Care/psychology ; Republic of Korea ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Vietnam

Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer among Asian women in the U.S. The first objective was to investigate predictors (including ethnicity) of never having a mammogram in middle-aged and older Chinese, Vietnamese, and Korean immigrant women (main effects). The second objective was to explore whether relationships between predictors and never having a mammogram varied across the three groups (moderation effects of ethnicity).
Methods: Merged (2005-2007-2009-2011) California Health Interview Survey data were utilized. Unweighted sample was 3,710 Asian women ages 40 years and older (Chinese = 1,389; Vietnamese = 1,094; Korean = 1,227). Replicate weighted total sample size was 1,710,233 (Chinese = 940,000; Vietnamese = 410,000; Korean = 360,000). Replicate-weighted multivariate logistic regression was applied. Interaction effects (moderator role of ethnicity) were also examined, using multivariate logistic regression, for the second objective.
Results: For the first objective, odds of never having a mammogram were higher for women who were Korean (Ref = Vietnamese), unmarried, or a non-U.S. citizen. Odds were lower in women ages 50-59 or 60-69 (Ref = 70-85). Regarding the second objective, only for Chinese women, odds of never having a mammogram were lower as the number of physician visits got higher.
Conclusion: Culturally-sensitive outreach and services should be developed to target higher-risk groups. Patient-centered healthcare strategies tailored for the three groups could be effective. For Chinese women, in particular, regular information sessions or education programs could be provided for enhancing their physician visits.
Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

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Date Created: 20191107 Date Completed: 20200318 Latest Revision: 20231019

20240104

PMC6834271

10.1371/journal.pone.0224505

31693678