Exposure to household pet cats and dogs in childhood and risk of subsequent diagnosis of schizophrenia or bipolar disorder.

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  • Additional Information
    • Source:
      Publisher: Public Library of Science Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101285081 Publication Model: eCollection Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1932-6203 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 19326203 NLM ISO Abbreviation: PLoS One Subsets: MEDLINE
    • Publication Information:
      Original Publication: San Francisco, CA : Public Library of Science
    • Subject Terms:
      Family Characteristics* ; Pets*; Bipolar Disorder/*diagnosis ; Bipolar Disorder/*epidemiology ; Environmental Exposure/*adverse effects ; Schizophrenia/*diagnosis ; Schizophrenia/*epidemiology; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Animals ; Bipolar Disorder/immunology ; Cats ; Cohort Studies ; Dogs ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Risk ; Schizophrenia/immunology ; Self Report ; Young Adult
    • Abstract:
      Background: Serious psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder have been associated with environmental exposures in early life. Contact with household pets such as cats and dogs can serve as a source of environmental exposure during these time periods.
      Methods: We investigated the relationship between exposure to a household pet cat or dog during the first 12 years of life and having a subsequent diagnosis of schizophrenia or bipolar disorder. These studies were performed in a cohort of 396 individuals with schizophrenia, 381 with bipolar disorder, and 594 controls. The hazards of developing schizophrenia or bipolar disorder associated with first exposure to a household pet cat or dog were calculated using Cox Proportional Hazard and multivariate logistic regression models including socio-demographic covariates.
      Results: We found that exposure to a household pet dog was associated with a significantly decreased hazard of having a subsequent diagnosis of schizophrenia (Hazard Ratio .75, p < .002) Furthermore, a significant decreased relative risk of schizophrenia was detected following exposure at birth and during the first years of life. There was no significant relationship between household exposure to a pet dog and bipolar disorder. There were no significant associations between exposure to a household pet cat and subsequent risk of either a schizophrenia or bipolar disorder diagnosis. However, there were trends towards an increased risk of both disorders at defined periods of exposure.
      Conclusions: Exposure to household pets during infancy and childhood may be associated with altered rates of development of psychiatric disorders in later life.
      Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
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    • Grant Information:
      P50 MH094268 United States MH NIMH NIH HHS
    • Publication Date:
      Date Created: 20191203 Date Completed: 20200406 Latest Revision: 20201213
    • Publication Date:
      20240104
    • Accession Number:
      PMC6886852
    • Accession Number:
      10.1371/journal.pone.0225320
    • Accession Number:
      31790431