Tocilizumab and steroid treatment in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia.

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  • Additional Information
    • Source:
      Publisher: Public Library of Science Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101285081 Publication Model: eCollection Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1932-6203 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 19326203 NLM ISO Abbreviation: PLoS One Subsets: MEDLINE
    • Publication Information:
      Original Publication: San Francisco, CA : Public Library of Science
    • Subject Terms:
      Anti-Inflammatory Agents/*therapeutic use ; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/*therapeutic use ; Coronavirus Infections/*drug therapy ; Methylprednisolone/*therapeutic use ; Pneumonia, Viral/*drug therapy; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents/administration & dosage ; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/administration & dosage ; Antimalarials/administration & dosage ; Antimalarials/therapeutic use ; Betacoronavirus ; COVID-19 ; Coronavirus Infections/virology ; Darunavir/therapeutic use ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; HIV Protease Inhibitors/therapeutic use ; Humans ; Hydroxychloroquine/administration & dosage ; Hydroxychloroquine/therapeutic use ; Male ; Methylprednisolone/administration & dosage ; Middle Aged ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral/virology ; Ritonavir/therapeutic use ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Treatment Outcome ; COVID-19 Drug Treatment
    • Abstract:
      Introduction: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can lead to respiratory failure due to severe immune response. Treatment targeting this immune response might be beneficial but there is limited evidence on its efficacy. The aim of this study was to determine if early treatment of patients with COVID-19 pneumonia with tocilizumab and/or steroids was associated with better outcome.
      Methods: This observational single-center study included patients with COVID-19 pneumonia who were not intubated and received either standard of care (SOC, controls) or SOC plus early (within 3 days from hospital admission) anti-inflammatory treatment. SOC consisted of hydroxychloroquine 400mg bid plus, in those admitted before March 24th, also darunavir/ritonavir. Anti-inflammatory treatment consisted of either tocilizumab (8mg/kg intravenously or 162mg subcutaneously) or methylprednisolone 1 mg/kg for 5 days or both. Failure was defined as intubation or death, and the endpoints were failure-free survival (primary endpoint) and overall survival (secondary) at day 30. Difference between the groups was estimated as Hazard Ratio by a propensity score weighted Cox regression analysis (HROW).
      Results: Overall, 196 adults were included in the analyses. They were mainly male (67.4%), with comorbidities (78.1%) and severe COVID-19 pneumonia (83.7%). Median age was 67.9 years (range, 30-100) and median PaO2/FiO2 200 mmHg (IQR 133-289). Among them, 130 received early anti-inflammatory treatment with: tocilizumab (n = 29, 22.3%), methylprednisolone (n = 45, 34.6%), or both (n = 56, 43.1%). The adjusted failure-free survival among tocilizumab/methylprednisolone/SOC treated patients vs. SOC was 80.8% (95%CI, 72.8-86.7) vs. 64.1% (95%CI, 51.3-74.0), HROW 0.48, 95%CI, 0.23-0.99; p = 0.049. The overall survival among tocilizumab/methylprednisolone/SOC patients vs. SOC was 85.9% (95%CI, 80.7-92.6) vs. 71.9% (95%CI, 46-73), HROW 0.41, 95%CI: 0.19-0.89, p = 0.025.
      Conclusion: Early adjunctive treatment with tocilizumab, methylprednisolone or both may improve outcomes in non-intubated patients with COVID-19 pneumonia.
      Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist
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    • Accession Number:
      0 (Anti-Inflammatory Agents)
      0 (Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized)
      0 (Antimalarials)
      0 (HIV Protease Inhibitors)
      4QWG6N8QKH (Hydroxychloroquine)
      I031V2H011 (tocilizumab)
      O3J8G9O825 (Ritonavir)
      X4W7ZR7023 (Methylprednisolone)
      YO603Y8113 (Darunavir)
    • Publication Date:
      Date Created: 20200821 Date Completed: 20200901 Latest Revision: 20221207
    • Publication Date:
      20240105
    • Accession Number:
      PMC7440633
    • Accession Number:
      10.1371/journal.pone.0237831
    • Accession Number:
      32817707