Renin-angiotensin system modulators and other risk factors in COVID-19 patients with hypertension: a Korean perspective.

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  • Author(s): Kim HS;Kim HS; Kang M; Kang M; Kang G; Kang G; Kang G
  • Source:
    BMC infectious diseases [BMC Infect Dis] 2021 Feb 15; Vol. 21 (1), pp. 175. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Feb 15.
  • Publication Type:
    Journal Article
  • Language:
    English
  • Additional Information
    • Source:
      Publisher: BioMed Central Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 100968551 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1471-2334 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 14712334 NLM ISO Abbreviation: BMC Infect Dis Subsets: MEDLINE
    • Publication Information:
      Original Publication: London : BioMed Central, [2001-
    • Subject Terms:
      Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists/*adverse effects ; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors/*adverse effects ; COVID-19/*pathology; Aged ; Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists/therapeutic use ; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors/therapeutic use ; COVID-19/complications ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Diabetes Mellitus/pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension/complications ; Hypertension/pathology ; Male ; Medical History Taking ; Middle Aged ; Pandemics ; Renin-Angiotensin System/drug effects ; Republic of Korea/epidemiology ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; SARS-CoV-2/physiology
    • Abstract:
      Background: While hypertension is the most common comorbid condition in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Korea, there is a lack of studies investigating risk factors in COVID-19 patients with hypertension in Korea. In this study, we aimed to examine the effects risk factors in hypertensive Korean COVID-19 patients.
      Methods: We selected patients from the database of the project #OpenData4Covid19. This information was linked to their 3-year historical healthcare data. The severity of the disease was classified into five levels. We also clustered the levels into two grades.
      Results: The risk factors associated with COVID-19 severity were old age, diabetes mellitus, cerebrovascular disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), malignancy, and renal replacement therapy. The use of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) both before and after a diagnosis of COVID-19 were not associated with COVID-19 severity. A multivariate analysis revealed that old age, male sex, diabetes mellitus, and renal replacement therapy were risk factors for severe COVID-19.
      Conclusion: The results suggest that in hypertensive patients with COVID-19, older age, male sex, a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus, and renal replacement therapy were risk factors for a severe clinical course. In addition, the use of ARBs and ACEIs before or after COVID-19 infection did not affect a patient's risk of contracting COVID-19 nor did it contribute to a worse prognosis for the disease. These results highlighted that precautions should be considered for hypertensive patients with those risk factors and do not support discontinuation of ARBs and ACEIs during COVID-19 pandemic.
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    • Contributed Indexing:
      Keywords: Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI); Angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB); COVID-19; Hypertension
    • Accession Number:
      0 (Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists)
      0 (Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors)
    • Publication Date:
      Date Created: 20210216 Date Completed: 20210218 Latest Revision: 20240330
    • Publication Date:
      20240330
    • Accession Number:
      PMC7883762
    • Accession Number:
      10.1186/s12879-021-05848-8
    • Accession Number:
      33588797