Leveraging natural history biorepositories as a global, decentralized, pathogen surveillance network.

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  • Additional Information
    • Source:
      Publisher: Public Library of Science Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101238921 Publication Model: eCollection Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1553-7374 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 15537366 NLM ISO Abbreviation: PLoS Pathog Subsets: MEDLINE
    • Publication Information:
      Original Publication: San Francisco, CA : Public Library of Science, c2005-
    • Subject Terms:
      Communicable Disease Control*/methods ; Communicable Disease Control*/organization & administration ; Communicable Disease Control*/standards; Biological Specimen Banks/*organization & administration ; Communicable Diseases, Emerging/*prevention & control ; Community Networks/*organization & administration ; Public Health Surveillance/*methods; Animals ; Animals, Wild ; Biodiversity ; Biological Specimen Banks/standards ; Biological Specimen Banks/supply & distribution ; Biological Specimen Banks/trends ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Communicable Diseases, Emerging/epidemiology ; Communicable Diseases, Emerging/microbiology ; Communicable Diseases, Emerging/virology ; Community Networks/standards ; Community Networks/supply & distribution ; Community Networks/trends ; Disaster Planning/methods ; Disaster Planning/organization & administration ; Disaster Planning/standards ; Geography ; Global Health/standards ; Global Health/trends ; Humans ; Medical Countermeasures ; Pandemics/prevention & control ; Public Health ; Risk Assessment ; SARS-CoV-2/physiology ; Zoonoses/epidemiology ; Zoonoses/prevention & control
    • Abstract:
      The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic reveals a major gap in global biosecurity infrastructure: a lack of publicly available biological samples representative across space, time, and taxonomic diversity. The shortfall, in this case for vertebrates, prevents accurate and rapid identification and monitoring of emerging pathogens and their reservoir host(s) and precludes extended investigation of ecological, evolutionary, and environmental associations that lead to human infection or spillover. Natural history museum biorepositories form the backbone of a critically needed, decentralized, global network for zoonotic pathogen surveillance, yet this infrastructure remains marginally developed, underutilized, underfunded, and disconnected from public health initiatives. Proactive detection and mitigation for emerging infectious diseases (EIDs) requires expanded biodiversity infrastructure and training (particularly in biodiverse and lower income countries) and new communication pipelines that connect biorepositories and biomedical communities. To this end, we highlight a novel adaptation of Project ECHO's virtual community of practice model: Museums and Emerging Pathogens in the Americas (MEPA). MEPA is a virtual network aimed at fostering communication, coordination, and collaborative problem-solving among pathogen researchers, public health officials, and biorepositories in the Americas. MEPA now acts as a model of effective international, interdisciplinary collaboration that can and should be replicated in other biodiversity hotspots. We encourage deposition of wildlife specimens and associated data with public biorepositories, regardless of original collection purpose, and urge biorepositories to embrace new specimen sources, types, and uses to maximize strategic growth and utility for EID research. Taxonomically, geographically, and temporally deep biorepository archives serve as the foundation of a proactive and increasingly predictive approach to zoonotic spillover, risk assessment, and threat mitigation.
      Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
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    • Publication Date:
      Date Created: 20210603 Date Completed: 20210609 Latest Revision: 20210615
    • Publication Date:
      20240104
    • Accession Number:
      PMC8174688
    • Accession Number:
      10.1371/journal.ppat.1009583
    • Accession Number:
      34081744