Three-Dimensional Printing Model Enhances Craniofacial Trauma Teaching by Improving Morphologic and Biomechanical Understanding: A Randomized Controlled Study.

Publisher: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 1306050 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1529-4242 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00321052 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Plast Reconstr Surg Subsets: MEDLINE

Publication: : Hagerstown, MD : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Original Publication: Baltimore : Williams & Wilkins,

Craniocerebral Trauma* ; Models, Anatomic* ; Printing, Three-Dimensional*; Education, Medical, Undergraduate/*methods ; Skull/*anatomy & histology ; Skull/*injuries; Educational Measurement ; France ; Humans ; Prospective Studies

Background: Teaching about craniofacial traumas is challenging given the complexity of the craniofacial anatomy and the necessity for good spatial representation skills. To solve these problems, three-dimensional printing seems to be an appropriate educative material. In this study, the authors conducted a randomized controlled trial. The authors' main objective was to compare the performance of the undergraduate medical students in an examination based on the teaching support: three-dimensionally printed models versus two-dimensional pictures.
Methods: All participants were randomly assigned to one of two groups using a random number table: the three-dimensionally-printed support group (three-dimensional group) or the two-dimensionally-displayed support group (two-dimensional group). All participants completed a multiple-choice question evaluation questionnaire on facial traumatology (first, a zygomatic bone fracture; then, a double mandible fracture). Sex and potential confounding factors were evaluated.
Results: Four hundred thirty-two fifth-year undergraduate medical students were enrolled in this study. Two hundred six students were allocated to the three-dimensional group, and 226 were allocated to the two-dimensional group. The three-dimensionally printed model was considered to be a better teaching material compared with two-dimensional support. The global mean score was 2.36 in the three-dimensional group versus 1.99 in the two-dimensional group (p = 0.008). Regarding teaching of biomechanical aspects, three-dimensionally-printed models provide better understanding (p = 0.015). Participants in both groups exhibited similar previous student educational achievements and visuospatial skills.
Conclusions: This prospective, randomized, controlled educational trial demonstrated that incorporation of three-dimensionally-printed models improves medical students' understanding. This trial reinforces previous studies highlighting academic benefits in using three-dimensionally-printed models mostly in the field of understanding complex structures.
(Copyright © 2022 by the American Society of Plastic Surgeons.)

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Date Created: 20220223 Date Completed: 20220318 Latest Revision: 20230501

20240104

10.1097/PRS.0000000000008869

35196687