Whole genome sequencing and molecular epidemiology of paediatric Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia.

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  • Additional Information
    • Corporate Authors:
      Australian and New Zealand Pediatric Infectious Diseases (ANZPID) clinical research network (CRN) of the Australasian Society of Infectious Diseases (ASID) and the Australian Group on Antimicrobial Resistance (AGAR)
    • Source:
      Publisher: Published by Elsevier Ltd. on behalf of International Society of Chemotherapy for Infection and Cancer Country of Publication: Netherlands NLM ID: 101622459 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2213-7173 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 22137165 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Glob Antimicrob Resist Subsets: MEDLINE
    • Publication Information:
      Original Publication: Amsterdam : Published by Elsevier Ltd. on behalf of International Society of Chemotherapy for Infection and Cancer
    • Subject Terms:
      Bacteremia*/epidemiology ; Bacteremia*/microbiology ; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus* ; Staphylococcal Infections*/epidemiology ; Staphylococcal Infections*/microbiology; Australia/epidemiology ; Child ; Humans ; Molecular Epidemiology ; Prospective Studies ; Staphylococcus aureus ; Whole Genome Sequencing
    • Abstract:
      Objectives: The role Staphylococcus aureus antimicrobial resistance genes and toxins play in disease severity, management and outcome in childhood is an emerging field requiring further exploration.
      Methods: A prospective multisite study of Australian and New Zealand children hospitalised with S. aureus bacteraemia (SAB) occurred over 24 months (2017-2018). Whole genome sequencing (WGS) data were paired with clinical information from the ISAIAH cohort.
      Results: 353 SAB isolates were sequenced; 85% methicillin-susceptible S. aureus ([MSSA], 301/353) and 15% methicillin-resistant S. aureus ([MRSA], 52/353). There were 92 sequence types (STs), most commonly ST5 (18%) and ST30 (8%), grouped into 23 clonal complexes (CCs), most frequently CC5 (21%) and CC30 (12%). MSSA comprised the majority of healthcare-associated SAB (87%, 109/125), with principal clones CC15 (48%, 11/21) and CC8 (33%, 7/21). Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL)-positive SAB occurred in 22% (76/353); predominantly MSSA (59%, 45/76), community-onset (92%, 70/76) infections. For community-onset SAB, the only microbiological independent predictor of poor outcomes was PVL positivity (aOR 2.6 [CI 1.0-6.2]).
      Conclusion: From this WGS paediatric SAB data, we demonstrate the previously under-recognized role MSSA has in harbouring genetic virulence and causing healthcare-associated infections. PVL positivity was the only molecular independent predictor of poor outcomes in children. These findings underscore the need for further research to define the potential implications PVL-producing strains may have on approaches to S. aureus clinical management.
      Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest P.A.B. reports grants from National Health and Medical Research Council, Medical Research Futures Fund and Murdoch Children's Research Institute outside the submitted work and travel funds from the Royal Children's Hospital. S.O. has acted on an advisory board for CSL-Behring. All remaining authors have no reported conflicts of interest.
      (Copyright © 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)
    • Contributed Indexing:
      Keywords: Bacteraemia; Molecular; Outcomes; Paediatrics; Staphylococcus aureus; Whole genome sequencing
    • Publication Date:
      Date Created: 20220328 Date Completed: 20220621 Latest Revision: 20221003
    • Publication Date:
      20240104
    • Accession Number:
      10.1016/j.jgar.2022.03.012
    • Accession Number:
      35342022