Experimental and numerical studies of the impact breakage of granite with high ejection velocities.

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  • Author(s): Zhang P;Zhang P; Wu Z; Wu Z; Sun J; Sun J; Liu Y; Liu Y; Chu Z; Chu Z
  • Source:
    PloS one [PLoS One] 2022 Apr 07; Vol. 17 (4), pp. e0266241. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Apr 07 (Print Publication: 2022).
  • Publication Type:
    Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Language:
    English
  • Additional Information
    • Source:
      Publisher: Public Library of Science Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101285081 Publication Model: eCollection Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1932-6203 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 19326203 NLM ISO Abbreviation: PLoS One Subsets: MEDLINE
    • Publication Information:
      Original Publication: San Francisco, CA : Public Library of Science
    • Subject Terms:
    • Abstract:
      The impact-induced fragmentation of rock is widely and frequently encountered when natural hazards occur in mountainous areas. This type of fragmentation is an important and complex natural process that should be described. In this study, laboratory impact tests under different impact velocities were first conducted using a novel gas-driven rock impact apparatus. The three-dimensional digital image correlation (3D DIC) technique was used to monitor the dynamic fragmentation process upon impact. Then, coupled 3D finite-discrete element method (FDEM) numerical simulations were performed to numerically investigate the energy and damage evolutions and fragmentation characteristics of the sample under different impact velocities. The laboratory test results show that as the impact velocity increases, the failure pattern of the rock sample gradually changes from shear failure to splitting failure, and the fragmentation intensity increases obviously. The strain localization area gradually increases as the impact velocity increases and as the location gradually deviates away from the impacting face. In the numerical simulation, the proposed model is validated by quasi-static uniaxial compression tests and impact tests. The numerical simulations clearly show the progressive fracture process of the samples, which agrees well with the experimental observations. The evolutions of energy and damage variables were also derived based on the simulation results, which are markedly affected by the impact velocity. The fragment size distributions based on mass and number can be well fitted using a generalized extreme value law. Finally, the distribution of the fragment flying velocity and angle are analyzed.
      Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
    • References:
      Acta Geotech. 2019;14(5):1483-1493. (PMID: 32685053)
    • Molecular Sequence:
      figshare 10.6084/m9.figshare.19419785
    • Accession Number:
      0 (granite)
      7631-86-9 (Silicon Dioxide)
    • Publication Date:
      Date Created: 20220407 Date Completed: 20220414 Latest Revision: 20231103
    • Publication Date:
      20240105
    • Accession Number:
      PMC8989233
    • Accession Number:
      10.1371/journal.pone.0266241
    • Accession Number:
      35390037