A new perspective on the function of Tissue Non-Specific Alkaline Phosphatase: from bone mineralization to intra-cellular lipid accumulation.

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      Publisher: Springer Country of Publication: Netherlands NLM ID: 0364456 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1573-4919 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 03008177 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Mol Cell Biochem Subsets: MEDLINE
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      Publication: New York : Springer
      Original Publication: The Hague, Dr. W. Junk B. V. Publishers.
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    • Abstract:
      Tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP) is one of four isozymes, which include germ cell, placental and intestinal alkaline phosphatases. The TNAP isozyme has 3 isoforms (liver, bone and kidney) which differ by tissue expression and glycosylation pattern. Despite a long history of investigation, the exact function of TNAP in many tissues is largely unknown. Only the bone isoform has been well characterised during mineralization where the enzyme hydrolyses pyrophosphate to inorganic phosphate, which combines with calcium to form hydroxyapatite crystals deposited as new bone. The inorganic phosphate also increases gene expression of proteins that support tissue mineralization. Recent studies have shown that TNAP is expressed in preadipocytes from several species, and that inhibition of TNAP activity causes attenuation of intracellular lipid accumulation in these and other lipid-storing cells. The mechanism by which TNAP stimulates lipid accumulation is not known; however, proteins that are important for controlling phosphate levels in bone are also expressed in adipocytes. This review examines the evidence that inorganic phosphate generated by TNAP promotes transcription that enhances the expression of the regulators of lipid storage and consequently, that TNAP has a major function of lipid metabolism.
      (© 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.)
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    • Grant Information:
      118565 National Research Foundation; 93999 National Research Foundation; 94311 National Health Laboratory Service
    • Contributed Indexing:
      Keywords: Adipogenesis; Gene expression; Inorganic phosphate; Lipid accumulation; Phosphatase; Tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase
    • Accession Number:
      0 (Isoenzymes)
      0 (Lipids)
      0 (Phosphates)
      EC 3.1.3.1 (ALPL protein, human)
      EC 3.1.3.1 (Alkaline Phosphatase)
    • Publication Date:
      Date Created: 20220426 Date Completed: 20220629 Latest Revision: 20220707
    • Publication Date:
      20240104
    • Accession Number:
      10.1007/s11010-022-04429-w
    • Accession Number:
      35471716