沈阳汉族医学生骨强度指数和体成分变化及相关性分析. (Chinese)

Relationship between bone stiffness index and body composition in Han medical students in Shenyang. (English)

Objective To study the characteristic changes of calcaneus bone stiffness index (SI) with sex and age in Han medical students，and to analyze the relationship between SI and body composition and the main factors that affect bone stiffness index． Methods A total of 1 949 Han medical students (721 males，1 228 females) in Shenyang were recruited in April 2017，aged from 19 to 21． SI of the right calcaneus and body composition were measured using ultrasonic bone densitometer and bioelectrical impedance analyzer． The association between SI and body composition was studied with multiple linear regressing analysis． Results The peak SI of Han medical students in Shenyang was found at 19 years old，and only SI of female students significantly decreased at the age of 20 and 21 respectively (P < 0. 01) ． The SI of male students was higher than that of females in each age group (P < 0. 01) ． The result of fat mass，body fat percentage，and edema index of Han male medical students of were significantly lower than those of female students in each age group (P < 0. 01) ，and the values of body weight，body water，BMI，waist-hip ratio，bone minerals，protein，muscle mass，lean body mass，skeletal muscle mass，and basal metabolic indexes of Han male students were higher than those of female students in each age group (P < 0. 01 or P < 0. 05) except of waist-hip ratio at the age of 19． According to the result of multiple linear regression between SI and body composition，BMI and skeletal muscle mass were positively associated with SI，respectively (P < 0. 01) ，and fat mass was negatively correlated with SI (P = 0. 000) ． Conclusion SI decreases at the age of 20 and 21 in Han medical students of Shenyang，and it is more obvious in female students，indicating they are at risk of osteoporosis． BMI and skeletal muscle mass are protective factors of osteoporosis，and fat mass is a risk factor for osteoporosis in Han medical students． [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

目的 调查分析沈阳市汉族医学生骨强度指数和体成分变化特点及两者之间的相关性，明确影响骨强度指数的主要因素。方法 2017 年4 月选取沈阳汉族医学生1 949例(男生721 例，女生1 228例) ，年龄19 ～ 21 岁，采用超声骨密度仪和生 物电阻抗分析仪，分别测量学生右足跟骨骨强度及体成分指标，采用多元逐步回归法研究骨强度指数与体成分各指标之间的关系。结果 沈阳汉族医学生男、女生骨强度指数均在19 岁时最高，之后20 岁和21 岁时骨强度指数均降低，且只有女生差 异显著(P < 0. 01) ; 男生各年龄组骨强度指数值均大于女生(P < 0. 01) 。汉族男生各年龄组脂肪含量、体脂率及水肿系数均显著低于同年龄组女生结果(P < 0. 01) ; 除了19 岁年龄组中腰臀围比，男生各年龄段体重、总水分、体质量指数(BMI) 、腰臀 围比、骨质、蛋白质、肌肉量、瘦体重、骨骼肌含量及基础代谢等指标均显著高于同年龄组女生结果(P < 0. 01 或 P < 0.05) 。多元线性逐步回归分析显示，汉族医学生骨强度指数与 BMI 和骨骼肌含量正相关(P < 0.01) ，与脂肪含量负相关(P = 0. 000) 。 结论 沈阳汉族医学生骨强度指数在20 岁和21 岁时显著下降，女生骨强度指数下降情况较为严重，是骨质疏松的重点防护对象; BMI 和骨骼肌含量是预防骨质疏松的保护性因素，而脂肪含量是引发骨质疏松的危险因素. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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