Menu
×
Main Library
9 a.m. - 6 p.m.
Phone: (843) 805-6930
West Ashley Library
9 a.m. - 4 p.m.
Phone: (843) 766-6635
Folly Beach Library
Closed for renovations
Phone: (843) 588-2001
John L. Dart Library
9 a.m. - 6 p.m.
Phone: (843) 722-7550
St. Paul's/Hollywood Library
9 a.m. - 5 p.m.
Phone: (843) 889-3300
Mt. Pleasant Library
9 a.m. – 6 p.m.
Phone: (843) 849-6161
Dorchester Road Library
9 a.m. - 6 p.m.
Phone: (843) 552-6466
Edgar Allan Poe/Sullivan's Island Library
9 a.m. - 6 p.m.
Phone: (843) 883-3914
John's Island Library
9 a.m. - 6 p.m.
Phone: (843) 559-1945
McClellanville Library
Closed for renovations
Phone: (843) 887-3699
Edisto Library
9 a.m. - 3 p.m.
Phone: (843) 869-2355
Wando Mount Pleasant Library
9 a.m. - 6 p.m.
Phone: (843) 805-6888
Otranto Road Library
9 a.m. - 6 p.m.
Phone: (843) 572-4094
Hurd/St. Andrews Library
9 a.m. - 6 p.m.
Phone: (843) 766-2546
Baxter-Patrick James Island
9 a.m. - 6 p.m.
Phone: (843) 795-6679
Bees Ferry West Ashley Library
9 a.m. - 6 p.m.
Phone: (843) 805-6892
Village Library
9 a.m. - 6 p.m.
Phone: (843) 884-9741
Keith Summey North Charleston Library
9 a.m. – 6 p.m.
Phone: (843) 744-2489
Mobile Library
9 a.m. - 5 p.m.
Phone: (843) 805-6909
Today's Hours
Main Library
9 a.m. - 6 p.m.
Phone: (843) 805-6930
West Ashley Library
9 a.m. - 4 p.m.
Phone: (843) 766-6635
Folly Beach Library
Closed for renovations
Phone: (843) 588-2001
John L. Dart Library
9 a.m. - 6 p.m.
Phone: (843) 722-7550
St. Paul's/Hollywood Library
9 a.m. - 5 p.m.
Phone: (843) 889-3300
Mt. Pleasant Library
9 a.m. – 6 p.m.
Phone: (843) 849-6161
Dorchester Road Library
9 a.m. - 6 p.m.
Phone: (843) 552-6466
Edgar Allan Poe/Sullivan's Island Library
9 a.m. - 6 p.m.
Phone: (843) 883-3914
John's Island Library
9 a.m. - 6 p.m.
Phone: (843) 559-1945
McClellanville Library
Closed for renovations
Phone: (843) 887-3699
Edisto Library
9 a.m. - 3 p.m.
Phone: (843) 869-2355
Wando Mount Pleasant Library
9 a.m. - 6 p.m.
Phone: (843) 805-6888
Otranto Road Library
9 a.m. - 6 p.m.
Phone: (843) 572-4094
Hurd/St. Andrews Library
9 a.m. - 6 p.m.
Phone: (843) 766-2546
Baxter-Patrick James Island
9 a.m. - 6 p.m.
Phone: (843) 795-6679
Bees Ferry West Ashley Library
9 a.m. - 6 p.m.
Phone: (843) 805-6892
Village Library
9 a.m. - 6 p.m.
Phone: (843) 884-9741
Keith Summey North Charleston Library
9 a.m. – 6 p.m.
Phone: (843) 744-2489
Mobile Library
9 a.m. - 5 p.m.
Phone: (843) 805-6909
Patron Login
menu
Item request has been placed!
×
Item request cannot be made.
×
Processing Request
Opioid Analgesia and Opioid-Induced Adverse Effects: A Review.
Item request has been placed!
×
Item request cannot be made.
×
Processing Request
- Author(s): Paul, Alok K.; Smith, Craig M.; Rahmatullah, Mohammed; Nissapatorn, Veeranoot; Wilairatana, Polrat; Spetea, Mariana; Gueven, Nuri; Dietis, Nikolas
- Source:
Pharmaceuticals (14248247); Nov2021, Vol. 14 Issue 11, p1091, 1p- Subject Terms:
- Source:
- Additional Information
- Abstract: Opioids are widely used as therapeutic agents against moderate to severe acute and chronic pain. Still, these classes of analgesic drugs have many potential limitations as they induce analgesic tolerance, addiction and numerous behavioural adverse effects that often result in patient non-compliance. As opium and opioids have been traditionally used as painkillers, the exact mechanisms of their adverse reactions over repeated use are multifactorial and not fully understood. Older adults suffer from cancer and non-cancer chronic pain more than younger adults, due to the physiological changes related to ageing and their reduced metabolic capabilities and thus show an increased number of adverse reactions to opioid drugs. All clinically used opioids are μ-opioid receptor agonists, and the major adverse effects are directly or potentially connected to this receptor. Multifunctional opioid ligands or peripherally restricted opioids may elicit fewer adverse effects, as shown in preclinical studies, but these results need reproducibility from further extensive clinical trials. The current review aims to overview various mechanisms involved in the adverse effects induced by opioids, to provide a better understanding of the underlying pathophysiology and, ultimately, to help develop an effective therapeutic strategy to better manage pain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Abstract: Copyright of Pharmaceuticals (14248247) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Abstract:
Contact CCPL
Copyright 2022 Charleston County Public Library Powered By EBSCO Stacks 3.3.0 [350.3] | Staff Login
No Comments.