The relationship between the diagnosis method of neuronal dysfunction ( DIMENSION) and brain pathology in the early stages of Alzheimer's disease.

Objectives To examine whether the diagnosis method of neuronal dysfunction ( DIMENSION), a new electroencephalogram ( EEG) analysis method, reflected pathological changes in the early stages of Alzheimer's disease ( AD), we conducted a comparative study of cerebrospinal fluid markers and single-photon emission computed tomography. Methods Subjects cincluded 32 patients in the early stages of AD with a Mini-Mental State Examination score ≥24 (14 men, 18 women; mean age, 77.3 ± 9.2 years). Cerebrospinal fluid samples were collected from AD patients, and cerebrospinal fluid levels of phosphorylated tau protein (p-tau) 181 and amyloid β ( Aβ) 42 were measured with sandwich ELISA. EEG recordings were performed for 5 min with the subjects awake in a resting state with their eyes closed. Then, the mean value of the EEG alpha dipolarity ( Dα) and the standard deviation of the EEG alpha dipolarity ( Dσ) were calculated with DIMENSION. Single-photon emission computed tomography analyses were also performed for comparison with DIMENSION measures. Results Patients with parietal hypoperfusion had significantly increasing p-tau181, decreasing Dα, and increasing Dσ. In addition, there was a negative correlation between Dα and p-tau181, p-tau181/ Aβ42, and a positive correlation between Dσ and p-tau181/ Aβ42. Conclusion Dα and Dσ were related to cerebral hypoperfusion and p-tau181/ Aβ42. DIMENSION was able to detect changes in the early-stage Alzheimer's brain, suggesting that it is possibility as a useful examination for early-stage AD with a difficult discrimination in clinical conditions. Moreover, EEG measurement is a quick and easy diagnostic test and is useful for repeated examinations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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