ALTERNATIVE OGRANIČAVANJU SLOBODE KRETANJA TRAŽITELJA AZILA U REPUBLICI HRVATSKOJ - ANALIZA STANJA, KOMPARATIVNI PREGLED I PREPORUKE DE LEGE FERENDA. (Croatian)

ALTERNATIVES TO FREEDOM OF MOVEMENT FOR ASYLUM SEEKERS IN CROATIA - SITUATUION ANALYSIS, COMPARATIVE SUMMAR Y AND RECOMMENDATIONS DE LEGE FERENDA. (English)

Croatia has witnessed an increased inflow of asylum seekers and irregular migrants as a result of political and economic changes in the world and its approach to the forthcoming EU membership. States increasingly, including Croatia, use detention of asylum seekers and irregular migrants as a means of surveillance and deterrence. Detention is a measure which can limit fundamental rights and freedoms. International standards, primarily UNHCR Guidelines on detention, therefore, suggest the use of alternatives to detention. This paper gives an overview of detention and alternatives to detention in international, European and national legislation. The relevant international acts, acts of the Council of Europe, European Court of Human Rights practice and soft law standards were taken into account. Within the Croatian legislation, the existing legislative provisions and their application in practice were analyzed. Also, a comparative analysis of the four external-boarder countries was made in order to find adequate proposals for the introduction and development of alternatives to detention in Croatia. The analysis was conducted using the legal dogmatic method of research and interpretation of legal acts and other standards. This paper includes proposal, specification, procedural guarantees and use in practice for alternatives to detention of asylum seekers in Croatia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Kao rezultat političkih i ekonomskih promjena u svijetu te uključivanja u Europskoj uniji, Hrvatska bilježi pojačani priljev tražitelja azila i neregularnih migranata. Mnoge države sve češće, pa tako i Hrvatska, koriste ograničavanje slobode kretanja tražitelja azila i neregularnih migranata kao sredstvo nadzora i odvraćanja. Radi se o mjeri kojom se mogu ograničiti temeljna ljudska prava i slobode. Međunarodni standardi, prvenstveno Smjernice UNHCR-a, stoga upućuju na primjenu blažih mjera od ograničenja slobode kretanja. Članak daje pregled blažih mjera u međunarodnom, europskom i nacionalnom zakonodavstvu, uz pregled njihova odnosa prema samoj mjeri ograničavanja slobode kretanja. U obzir su uzeti relevantni međunarodni akti, akti Vijeća Europe, praksa Europskoga suda za ljudska prava i pravno neobvezujući međunarodni standardi. Provedena je komparativna analiza četiriju tranzitnih zemalja vanjske granice EU kako bi se pronašli adekvatni prijedlozi za uvođenje i razvoj blažih mjera u Hrvatskoj. U hrvatskom zakonodavstvu analizirane su postojeće zakonodavne odredbe te njihova praktična primjena. Dani su prijedlozi za izmjene Zakona o azilu po pitanju blažih mjera, njihov prijedlog, opis i postupovna jamstva te za primjenu u praksi. Analiza u radu provedena je pravnodogmatskom metodom istraživanja i tumačenja pravnih akata i drugih pravnih izvora. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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