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Pathologic Aerophagia: A Rare but Important Medical Condition in People with Intellectual Disabilities
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- Author(s): Wong, Wendy; Sajith, Sreedharan Geetha
- Language:
English- Source:
British Journal of Learning Disabilities. Mar 2017 45(1):89-93.- Publication Date:
2017- Document Type:
Journal Articles
Reports - Research - Language:
- Additional Information
- Availability: Wiley-Blackwell. 350 Main Street, Malden, MA 02148. Tel: 800-835-6770; Tel: 781-388-8598; Fax: 781-388-8232; e-mail: [email protected]; Web site: http://www.wiley.com/WileyCDA
- Peer Reviewed: Y
- Source: 5
- Subject Terms:
- Accession Number: 10.1111/bld.12164
- ISSN: 1354-4187
- Abstract: Background: Pathologic aerophagia (PA) is characterised by excessive swallowing of air resulting in significant abdominal distension or belching. This is a relatively rare condition in general population but has been reported in up to 8.8% of institutionalised patients with intellectual disability. In severe cases, this can cause volvulus and ileus, and even intestinal perforation. Currently, there is limited information on this potentially life-threatening condition, particularly for people with intellectual disability. In this study, we aim to present a literature of diagnosis and management of PA and describe a case of PA in an adult with intellectual disability and autism. Methods: A literature search of electronic database was performed using specific keywords. Results: Apart from a few small controlled trials on pharmacotherapy, most of the studies were case series or uncontrolled studies. The understanding on pathophysiology is incomplete but is thought to involve a reflex-induced movement of upper oesophageal sphincter and may be associated with anxiety or stress. A comprehensive history and physical examination as well as an abdominal radiograph may be helpful in diagnosis. Medications that are helpful include antacids, anti-reflux drugs and benzodiazepines. Surgical treatment may be required in severe cases. A case of an adult patient with intellectual disability and PA is discussed to highlight the challenges in diagnosis and management. Conclusions: PA is not uncommon in people with intellectual disability and can pose challenges in the assessment and management. Further studies are necessary to provide evidence-based treatment guidelines for the management of this condition particularly in patients with intellectual disability.
- Abstract: As Provided
- Publication Date: 2017
- Accession Number: EJ1127512
- Availability:
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