Imágenes del Madrid de la posguerra: barrios en ruinas y escasez de vivienda en los chistes de Mingote.

HOUSING; SPANISH Civil War, 1936-1939; CITIES & towns; ARCHITECTURE; CENSORSHIP

Al acabar la Guerra Civil, Madrid era una ciudad en ruinas. Francisco Franco prometió solucionar el problema acuciante de la vivienda e impulsó su rehabilitación como parte de su política imperial de la "Nueva España". Creía que la arquitectura y el urbanismo debían expresar su triunfo y servir a su retórica propagandística. Pero la autarquía paralizó esos proyectos y durante años los madrileños sobrevivieron entre cascotes. Las ruinas eran memorias del trauma de la contienda, además de una realidad silenciada por la censura. Antonio Mingote publicó en los años cincuenta muchos chistes sobre los problemas de urbanismo en el diario ABC. Sus viñetas circunnavegaron la censura y construyeron un contradiscurso que contrastaba la ficción del discurso oficial de la victoria con la realidad urbana. Mingote resignificó el triunfalismo y los mitos imperiales de Franco, a la vez que despertó en los lectores una visión crítica. At the end of the Civil War, Madrid was practically in ruins. Franco promised to end the acute housing shortage and took control of urban reconstruction and new architectural development as part of his imperial "New Spain" plan. He understood architecture and urbanism as expressions of his political triumph, further serving his propagandistic rhetoric. His autarchy, however, effectively paralyzed these projects, and for many years to come, madrileños survived amidst the rubble. Ruins were a constant reminder of the traumatic war and a reality proscribed by repressive state censorship. During the fifties, Antonio Mingote defied the censorial impositions and published many cartoons on urbanism in ABC, a national newspaper. His cartoons created a counternarrative that contrasted the official fictional discourse of the victors with the grim reality of madrileños' daily life. Mingote resignified Franco's triumphalism and imperial myths, while awakening his readers' critical consciousness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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