Greenhouse gases emissions from aquaculture ponds: Different emission patterns and key microbial processes affected by increased nitrogen loading.

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  • Additional Information
    • Source:
      Publisher: Elsevier Country of Publication: Netherlands NLM ID: 0330500 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1879-1026 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00489697 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Sci Total Environ Subsets: MEDLINE
    • Publication Information:
      Original Publication: Amsterdam, Elsevier.
    • Subject Terms:
      Greenhouse Gases*; Animals ; Ponds ; Carbon Dioxide/analysis ; Nitrogen ; Environmental Monitoring ; Aquaculture/methods ; Water ; Methane/analysis ; Nitrous Oxide/analysis ; Soil
    • Abstract:
      Global aquaculture production is expected to rise to meet the growing demand for food worldwide, potentially leading to increased anthropogenic greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions. As the demand for fish protein increases, so will stocking density, feeding amounts, and nitrogen loading in aquaculture ponds. However, the impact of GHG emissions and the underlying microbial processes remain poorly understood. This study investigated the GHG emission characteristics, key microbial processes, and environmental drivers underlying GHG emissions in low and high nitrogen loading aquaculture ponds (LNP and HNP). The N 2 O flux in HNP (43.1 ± 11.3 μmol m -2  d -1 ) was significantly higher than in LNP (-11.3 ± 25.1 μmol m -2  d -1 ), while the dissolved N 2 O concentration in HNP (52.8 ± 7.1 nmol L -1 ) was 150 % higher than in LNP (p < 0.01). However, the methane (CH 4 ) and carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) fluxes and concentrations showed no significant differences (p > 0.05). N 2 O replaced CH 4 as the main source of Global Warming Potential in HNP. Pond sediments acted as a sink for N 2 O but a source for CH 4 and CO 2 . The △N 2 O/(△N 2 O + △N 2 ) in HNP (0.015 ± 0.007 %) was 7.7-fold higher than in LNP (0.002 ± 0.001 %) (p < 0.05). The chemical oxygen demand to NO 2 -N ratio was the most important environmental factor explaining the variability of N 2 O fluxes. Ammonia-oxidizing bacteria driven nitrification in water was the predominant N 2 O source, while comammox-driven nitrification and nosZII-driven N 2 O reduction in water were key processes for reducing N 2 O emission in LNP but decreased in HNP. The strong CH 4 oxidization by Methylocystis and CO 2 assimilation by algae resulted in low CH 4 emissions and CO 2 sink in the aquaculture pond. The Mantel test indicated that HNP increased N 2 O fluxes mainly through altering functional genes composition in water and sediment. Our findings suggest that there is a significant underestimation of N 2 O emissions without considering the significantly increased △N 2 O/(△N 2 O + △N 2 ) caused by increased nitrogen loading.
      Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
      (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
    • Contributed Indexing:
      Keywords: Comammox; Environmental factor; Methane; Microbial community; Nitrous oxide; nosZ
    • Accession Number:
      0 (Greenhouse Gases)
      142M471B3J (Carbon Dioxide)
      N762921K75 (Nitrogen)
      059QF0KO0R (Water)
      OP0UW79H66 (Methane)
      K50XQU1029 (Nitrous Oxide)
      0 (Soil)
    • Publication Date:
      Date Created: 20240331 Date Completed: 20240417 Latest Revision: 20240417
    • Publication Date:
      20240417
    • Accession Number:
      10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172108
    • Accession Number:
      38556013