Developmental and Housekeeping Genes: Two Types of Genetic Organization in the Drosophila Genome.

Publisher: MDPI Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101092791 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1422-0067 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 14220067 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Int J Mol Sci Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: Basel, Switzerland : MDPI, [2000-

Genes, Essential* ; Drosophila*/genetics; Animals ; Drosophila melanogaster/genetics ; Chromatin ; Introns

We developed a procedure for locating genes on Drosophila melanogaster polytene chromosomes and described three types of chromosome structures (gray bands, black bands, and interbands), which differed markedly in morphological and genetic properties. This was reached through the use of our original methods of molecular and genetic analysis, electron microscopy, and bioinformatics data processing. Analysis of the genome-wide distribution of these properties led us to a bioinformatics model of the Drosophila genome organization, in which the genome was divided into two groups of genes. One was constituted by 65, in which the genome was divided into two groups, 62 genes that are expressed in most cell types during life cycle and perform basic cellular functions (the so-called "housekeeping genes"). The other one was made up of 3162 genes that are expressed only at particular stages of development ("developmental genes"). These two groups of genes are so different that we may state that the genome has two types of genetic organization. Different are the timings of their expression, chromatin packaging levels, the composition of activating and deactivating proteins, the sizes of these genes, the lengths of their introns, the organization of the promoter regions of the genes, the locations of origin recognition complexes (ORCs), and DNA replication timings.

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FWGZ-2021-0014 (122011400181-7) Council for Grants of the President of the Russian Federation; FWNR-2022-0020 Funder Grant Number Council for Grants of the President of the Russian Federation; 24-14-00133 Russian Science Foundation

Keywords: CHRIZ/CHROMATOR; Drosophila; bands; de novo motif search; developmental genes; housekeeping genes; interbands; polytene chromosomes; promoter motifs; transcription factor binding site

0 (Chromatin)

Date Created: 20240413 Date Completed: 20240415 Latest Revision: 20240425

20240425

PMC11012173

10.3390/ijms25074068

38612878