Dietary patterns and the risk of pregnancy-associated hypertension in the Danish National Birth Cohort: a prospective longitudinal study.

Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 100935741 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1471-0528 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 14700328 NLM ISO Abbreviation: BJOG Subsets: MEDLINE

Publication: : Oxford : Wiley-Blackwell
Original Publication: Oxford [England] : Blackwell Science, [2000]-

Diet/*adverse effects ; Diet, Western/*adverse effects ; Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced/*etiology ; Seafood/*adverse effects; Adult ; Denmark/epidemiology ; Diet/methods ; Diet Surveys ; Factor Analysis, Statistical ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced/epidemiology ; Longitudinal Studies ; Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena ; Odds Ratio ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Care/methods ; Prevalence ; Prospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Young Adult

Objective: To examine the association between mid-pregnancy dietary patterns and pregnancy-associated hypertension (PAH).
Design: A prospective longitudinal cohort study.
Setting: Denmark.
Population: About 55 139 Danish women with single enrolments and recorded food frequency questionnaire dates with complete information on dietary intake.
Methods: Women were eligible if they could speak Danish and were planning to carry to term. Diet was assessed using a validated semi-quantitative 360-item food frequency questionnaire and dietary patterns were derived using factor analysis.
Main Outcome Measures: Gestational hypertension (GH) and pre-eclampsia (PE).
Results: Disease prevalence was 14% for GH (5491/39 362); 2% for PE (1168/54 778), and 0.4% for severe PE (234/55 086). Seven dietary patterns were characterised in the population, of which two were associated with PAH. The Seafood diet characterised by high consumption of fish and vegetables was inversely associated with the odds of developing GH [odds ratio (OR) 0.86; 95% CI 0.77-0.95)] and PE (OR 0.79; 95% CI 0.65-0.97). The Western diet characterised by high consumption of potatoes (including French fries), mixed meat, margarine and white bread increased the odds of developing GH (OR 1.18; 95% CI 1.05-1.33) and PE (OR 1.40; 95% CI 1.11-1.76). No association was seen with severe PE.
Conclusions: We found protective associations of Seafood diet and harmful associations of Western diet with PAH. Dietary interventions encouraging the reduction of Western diet may contribute to a decrease of PAH.
Tweetable Abstract: Western diet increases (Seafood diet decreases) the likelihood of developing pre-eclampsia among Danish pregnant women.
(© 2019 Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists.)

Comment in: BJOG. 2019 Apr;126(5):674. (PMID: 30729674)

6-FY-96-0240 March of Dimes Foundation; 6-FY97-0553 March of Dimes Foundation; 6-FY97-0521 March of Dimes Foundation; 6-FY00-407 March of Dimes Foundation; 11/263-96 Health Foundation; 96-2-4-83-22450 Heart Foundation; 09-067124 Innovation Fund Denmark

Keywords: Dietary patterns; Western diet; gestational hypertension; pre-eclampsia; pregnancy-associated hypertension

Date Created: 20190125 Date Completed: 20190321 Latest Revision: 20220408

20231215

10.1111/1471-0528.15593

30675768