Niveles de actividad física y tiempo sedente en personas mayores con fragilidad: resultados de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud 2016-2017.

Levels of physical activity and sitting time in elderly people with fragility: results of the 2016-2017 National Health Survey.

OLDER people; INSURANCE reserves; CHILEANS; PHYSICAL activity; FRAILTY; FRAIL elderly

Background: fragility is characterized by loss of biological reserves and vulnerability to adverse outcomes. An intervention with beneficial effects on the prevention and management of frailty is the regular practice of physical activity (PA). Objective: to determine the association between levels of PA, sedentary time and frailty in older Chileans by sex. Methodology: 232 people over 60 years of age from the metropolitan region participating in the National Health Survey 2016-2017 were included. Frailty was assessed based on the Fried Phenotype Scale criteria and PA level and sedentary time with the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ v2). The association between levels of PA with the different states of frailty was investigated with linear regression analysis. Results and conclusion: elderly people with frailty have less total PA (ß = -292.6 min/day [95 % CI: 399.5; -185.7], p = 0.001), occupational PA (ß = -5821.8 min/day [95 % CI: 8680.8, -2962.8], p = 0.001), transportation (ß = -68.0 min/day [95 % CI: -105.4, -30.62], p = 0.001). A lower amount of moderate AF was also found (ß = -137.7 min/day [95 % CI: -202.0, -73.5], p = 0.001); vigorous (ß = -43.4 min/day [95 % CI: -81.6; -5.20], p = 0.026) and longer time seated (ß = 3.55 hours/day [95 % CI: - 1.97, 5.14], p = 0.001). Frail older people have lower PA levels compared to their peers without frailty. Considering that the Chilean population will experience an increase in the number of older people, it is essential to implement preventive measures to delay the onset of frailty, such as promoting the practice of PA at all levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Antecedentes: la fragilidad se caracteriza por la pérdida de reservas biológicas y la vulnerabilidad a resultados adversos. Una intervención con efectos beneficiosos sobre la prevención y el manejo de la fragilidad es la práctica regular de actividad física (AF). Objetivo: caracterizar los niveles de AF y tiempo sedente en personas mayores con fragilidad. Metodología: se incluyó a 232 personas mayores de 60 años de la región metropolitana, participantes en la Encuesta Nacional de Salud 2016-2017. La fragilidad se evaluó en base a los criterios de la escala de fenotipos de Fried y el nivel de AF y tiempo sedentario con el cuestionario Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ v2). Los niveles de AF según el fenotipo de fragilidad se determinaron con ana'lisis de regresio'n lineal. Resultados y conclusiones: las personas mayores con fragilidad realizan menos AF total (ß = -292,6 min/día [IC 95 %: 399,5; -185,7], p = 0,001), laboral (ß = -5821,8 min/día [IC 95 %: 8680,8; -2962,8], p = 0,001), de transporte (ß = -68,0 min/día [IC 95 %: -105,4; -30,62], p = 0,001). También se observó menor cantidad de AF moderada (ß = -137,7 min/día [IC 95 %: -202,0; -73,5], p = 0,001); vigorosa (ß = -43,4 min/día [IC 95 %: -81,6; -5,20], p = 0,026) y mayor tiempo sedente (ß = 3,55 hora/día [IC 95 %: -1,97; 5,14 ], p = 0,001). Las personas mayores frágiles presentan niveles más bajos de AF en comparación con sus pares sin fragilidad. Considerando que la población chilena experimentará un aumento en el número de personas mayores, es imprescindible implementar medidas preventivas que permitan retrasar la aparición de la fragilidad, como fomentar la práctica de AF en todos sus niveles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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