Efectos de género y etnicidad en la brecha salarial entre jornaleros agrícolas del noroeste mexicano.

Effects of Gender and Ethnicity on the Wage Gap Among Farmworkers in Northwestern Mexico.

AGRICULTURAL laborers; INCOME inequality; SEX discrimination in employment; ETHNIC discrimination; CENSUS; INCOME distribution

The objective of this research is to analyze the effect of gender and ethnicity on the gender wage gap among farmworkers in the northwest region of Mexico, based on the 2020 census sample. By employing matching estimates and Inverse Probability Weighted Regression Adjustment (IPWRA) models, the effects on the mean and throughout the wage distribution of the sample are studied. It is observed that, in relation to gender and ethnicity, these are negative, especially when considered simultaneously, since among indigenous farmworkers, it is women who have the worst salaries. For women there are conditions of both a "sticky floor" and a "glass ceiling," and for men only the second. The results indicate that part of this difference can be interpreted as a result of discrimination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar el efecto del género y la etnicidad en la brecha salarial entre jornaleros agrícolas de la región noroeste de México, con base en la muestra censal de 2020. Mediante estimaciones de pareamiento (matching) y modelos de probabilidad inversa ponderada ajustada por regresión (IPWRA), se estudian los efectos en la media y a lo largo de la distribución de los salarios de la muestra. Se observa que, en relación con el género y la etnicidad, estos son negativos, especialmente cuando se consideran de manera simultánea, ya que entre los trabajadores indígenas, son las mujeres quienes presentan los peores salarios. Para ellas se presentan condiciones tanto de "piso pegajoso" como de "techo de cristal", y para los hombres solo la segunda. Los resultados indican que parte de esta diferencia puede interpretarse como discriminación. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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