Tanshinone IIA Activates Nuclear Factor-Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2 to Restrain Pulmonary Fibrosis via Regulation of Redox Homeostasis and Glutaminolysis.

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  • Additional Information
    • Source:
      Publisher: Mary Ann Liebert, Inc Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 100888899 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1557-7716 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 15230864 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Antioxid Redox Signal Subsets: MEDLINE
    • Publication Information:
      Original Publication: Larchmont, NY : Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., 1999-
    • Subject Terms:
      Homeostasis* ; Oxidation-Reduction*; Abietanes/*pharmacology ; Glutamine/*metabolism ; NF-E2-Related Factor 2/*agonists ; Pulmonary Fibrosis/*etiology ; Pulmonary Fibrosis/*metabolism; Animals ; Cell Transdifferentiation ; Female ; Fibroblasts/metabolism ; Gene Expression ; Glutathione/metabolism ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Mice ; Models, Biological ; Myofibroblasts/metabolism ; NADPH Oxidase 4/genetics ; NADPH Oxidase 4/metabolism ; NF-E2-Related Factor 2/chemistry ; NF-E2-Related Factor 2/metabolism ; Pulmonary Fibrosis/drug therapy ; Pulmonary Fibrosis/pathology ; Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism
    • Abstract:
      Aims: Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is characterized by myofibroblast activation through oxidative stress. However, the precise regulation of myofibroblast transdifferentiation remains largely uncharacterized.
      Results: In this study, we found that tanshinone IIA (Tan-IIA), an active component in the root of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, can suppress reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated activation of myofibroblast and reduce extracellular matrix deposition in bleomycin (BLM)-challenged mice through the regulation of nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). Additionally, Tan-IIA restored redox homeostasis by upregulating Nrf2 with NADPH oxidase 4 suppression and effectively prevented myofibroblast activation by blocking ROS-mediated protein kinase C delta (PKCδ)/Smad3 signaling. Nrf2 knockdown in the fibroblasts and the lungs of BLM-treated mice reduced the inhibitory effects of Tan-IIA, indicating the essential role of Nrf2 in the Tan-IIA activity. Tan-IIA impaired the binding of kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) to Nrf2 by promoting the degradation of Keap1 and thereby increasing Nrf2 induction by protecting Nrf2 stability against ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. Importantly, we also found that the glutamate anaplerotic pathway was involved in energy generation and biosynthesis in activated myofibroblasts and their proliferation. Tan-IIA shunted glutaminolysis into glutathione (GSH) production by activating Nrf2, resulting in the reduction of glutamate availability for tricarboxylic acid cycle. Ultimately, myofibroblast activation was prevented by impairing cell proliferation. Innovation and Conclusion: In addition to the regulation of redox homeostasis, our work showed that Tan-IIA activated Nrf2/GSH signaling pathway to limit glutaminolysis in myofibroblast proliferation, which provided further insight into the critical function of Nrf2 in PF.
    • Contributed Indexing:
      Keywords: Nox4; Nrf2; glutaminolysis; myofibroblast activation; pulmonary fibrosis; tanshinone IIA
    • Accession Number:
      0 (Abietanes)
      0 (NF-E2-Related Factor 2)
      0 (Reactive Oxygen Species)
      03UUH3J385 (tanshinone)
      0RH81L854J (Glutamine)
      EC 1.6.3.- (NADPH Oxidase 4)
      EC 1.6.3.- (Nox4 protein, mouse)
      GAN16C9B8O (Glutathione)
    • Publication Date:
      Date Created: 20180815 Date Completed: 20200702 Latest Revision: 20200702
    • Publication Date:
      20240513
    • Accession Number:
      10.1089/ars.2018.7569
    • Accession Number:
      30105924