Genomic evolution of island birds from the view of the Swinhoe's pheasant (Lophura swinhoii).

Publisher: Blackwell Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101465604 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1755-0998 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 1755098X NLM ISO Abbreviation: Mol Ecol Resour Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: Oxford, England : Blackwell

Genomics* ; Galliformes*/genetics; Animals ; Genome ; Genetic Drift ; Evolution, Molecular

Island endemic birds account for the majority of extinct vertebrates in the past few centuries. To date, the evolutionary characteristics of island endemic bird's is poorly known. In this research, we de novo assembled a high-quality chromosome-level reference genome for the Swinhoe's pheasant, which is a typical endemic island bird. Results of collinearity tests suggest rapid ancient chromosome rearrangement that may have contributed to the initial species radiation within Phasianidae, and a role for the insertions of CR1 transposable elements in rearranging chromosomes in Phasianidae. During the evolution of the Swinhoe's pheasant, natural selection positively selected genes involved in fecundity and body size functions, at both the species and population levels, which reflect genetic variation associated with island adaptation. We further tested for variation in population genomic traits between the Swinhoe's pheasant and its phylogenetically closely related mainland relative the silver pheasant, and found higher levels of genetic drift and inbreeding in the Swinhoe's pheasant genome. Divergent demographic histories of insular and mainland bird species during the last glacial period may reflect the differing impact of insular and continental climates on the evolution of species. Our research interprets the natural history and population genetic characteristics of the insular endemic bird the Swinhoe's pheasant, at a genome-wide scale, provides a broader perspective on insular speciation, and adaptive evolution and contributes to the genetic conservation of island endemic birds.
(© 2023 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

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GK201902008 Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities; 202206010058 Guangzhou Collaborative Innovation Center on Science-Tech of Ecology and Landscape Program; 31970391 National Natural Science Foundation of China; 2020JM-280 Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi Province

Keywords: Swinhoe's pheasant; chromosomal evolution; comparative genomics; island birds; population genetics

Date Created: 20231113 Date Completed: 20240112 Latest Revision: 20240112

20240112

10.1111/1755-0998.13896

37955396