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Epidemiological and Whole Genome Sequencing Analysis of Restaurant Salmonella Enteritidis Outbreak Associated with an Infected Food Handler in Jiangxi Province, China, 2023.
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- Author(s): Peng S;Peng S; Xiong H; Xiong H; Lu J; Lu J; Luo F; Luo F; Liu C; Liu C; Zhou H; Zhou H; Tong W; Tong W; Xia Z; Xia Z; Liu D; Liu D
- Source:
Foodborne pathogens and disease [Foodborne Pathog Dis] 2024 May; Vol. 21 (5), pp. 316-322. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Feb 13.- Publication Type:
Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't- Language:
English - Source:
- Additional Information
- Source: Publisher: Mary Ann Liebert, Inc Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101120121 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1556-7125 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 15353141 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Foodborne Pathog Dis Subsets: MEDLINE
- Publication Information: Original Publication: Larchmont, NY : Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., c2004-
- Subject Terms: Salmonella enteritidis*/genetics ; Salmonella enteritidis*/isolation & purification ; Salmonella enteritidis*/drug effects ; Disease Outbreaks* ; Whole Genome Sequencing* ; Restaurants* ; Salmonella Food Poisoning*/epidemiology ; Salmonella Food Poisoning*/microbiology; Humans ; China/epidemiology ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology ; Food Handling ; Male ; Female ; Food Microbiology ; Adult ; Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Middle Aged ; Feces/microbiology ; Genome, Bacterial
- Abstract: In China, Salmonella is one of the most frequent causes of bacterial gastroenteritis, and food handlers in restaurants as an important contaminated source were rarely reported. In May 2023, an outbreak of Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis infection in a restaurant in Jiangxi Province, China, was investigated. Cases were interviewed. Stool samples from cases, anal swabs from restaurant employees, suspicious raw food materials, and semifinished food were collected and examined. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and whole genome sequencing (WGS) were performed to determine the relatedness of the pathogen isolates. Antimicrobial resistance genes and virulence genes of isolates were analyzed by WGS. The antimicrobial profile of the isolates was detected by broth microdilution, which involved 20 different antibiotics. Among the 31 patrons, 26 showed gastrointestinal symptoms. Five Salmonella Enteritidis strains were isolated from patients (2), semifinished food (2), and food handler (1). The results of PFGE and single-nucleotide polymorphism showed that these five isolates were identical clones. These findings demonstrated that this outbreak was a restaurant Salmonella Enteritidis outbreak associated with an infected food handler. The rates of resistance to nalidixic acid and colistin and intermediate resistance to ciprofloxacin were 100%, 80%, and 100%, respectively. These outbreak isolates harbored point mutation gyrA p.D87G. The cause of inconsistency between the genotype and phenotype of resistance was deeply discussed. A total of 107 virulence genes were found in each isolate, with many being associated with Salmonella pathogenicity island (SPI)-1 and SPI-2. As an overlooked contamination source, infected food handlers can easily cause large-scale outbreaks. This outbreak highlighted that the government should enhance the training and supervision of food hygiene and safety for food handlers to prevent foodborne outbreaks.
- Contributed Indexing: Keywords: Salmonella Enteritidis; WGS; antimicrobial resistance genes; outbreak; source tracking; virulence genes
- Accession Number: 0 (Anti-Bacterial Agents)
- Publication Date: Date Created: 20240214 Date Completed: 20240510 Latest Revision: 20240510
- Publication Date: 20240511
- Accession Number: 10.1089/fpd.2023.0123
- Accession Number: 38354216
- Source:
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