Silibinin solubilization: combined effect of co-solvency and inclusion complex formation.

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  • Additional Information
    • Source:
      Publisher: Informa Healthcare Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 7802620 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1520-5762 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 03639045 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Drug Dev Ind Pharm Subsets: MEDLINE
    • Publication Information:
      Publication: London : Informa Healthcare
      Original Publication: New York, Dekker.
    • Subject Terms:
      Solubility* ; Silybin*/chemistry ; Silybin*/administration & dosage ; 2-Hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin*/chemistry ; Chitosan*/chemistry ; Nanoparticles*/chemistry ; Solvents*/chemistry ; Drug Liberation*; Ethanol/chemistry ; Silymarin/chemistry ; Silymarin/administration & dosage ; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical/methods ; Drug Carriers/chemistry
    • Abstract:
      Objective: Belonging to the class II drugs according to the biopharmaceutics classification system, silibinin (SLB) benefits from high permeability but suffers poor solubility that negatively affects the development of any delivery system. This research aimed to improve SLB solubility by combined use of co-solvency and complexation phenomena.
      Methods: Solubility studies were performed using the phase solubility analysis according to the shake-flask method in the presence of ethanol and 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) as a co-solvent and inclusion complexing agent, respectively. SLB release studies from chitosan nanoparticles were carried out in double-wall, diffusion cells using the optimized drug release medium.
      Results: SLB solubility was mathematically optimized constraining to using the lowest concentrations of ethanol and HP-β-CD. SLB solubility increased linearly with the increase of HP-β-CD concentration. The solubility in PBS-ethanol mixtures followed a log-linear model. SLB solubility in the presence of the ethanol co-solvent and HP-β-CD complexing agent was optimized by adopting a genetic algorithm suggesting the phosphate buffer saline solution supplemented by 6%v/v ethanol and 8 mM HP-β-CD as an optimized medium. The optimized solution was examined to study SLB release from chitosan nanoparticles (4.5 ± 0.2% drug loading) at 37 °C under static conditions. The sigmoidal release profile of SLB from the particles indicated a combination of erosion and diffusion mechanisms governing drug release from the nanoparticles.
      Conclusion: SLB solubility in a buffered solution supplemented by ethanol co-solvent and HP-β-CD complexing agent is a function of free drug present in the semi-aqueous media, the drug-ligand binary complex, and the drug/ligand/co-solvent ternary complex.
    • Contributed Indexing:
      Keywords: Silibinin; co-solvency; complexation; genetic algorithm; solubilization
    • Publication Date:
      Date Created: 20240416 Date Completed: 20240521 Latest Revision: 20240605
    • Publication Date:
      20240606
    • Accession Number:
      10.1080/03639045.2024.2343016
    • Accession Number:
      38625641