Real-time emulation of future global warming reveals realistic impacts on the phenological response and quality deterioration in rice.

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  • Author(s): Itoh H;Itoh H; Yamashita H; Yamashita H; Wada KC; Wada KC; Wada KC; Yonemaru JI; Yonemaru JI
  • Source:
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America [Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A] 2024 May 21; Vol. 121 (21), pp. e2316497121. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 May 13.
  • Publication Type:
    Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Language:
    English
  • Additional Information
    • Source:
      Publisher: National Academy of Sciences Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 7505876 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1091-6490 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00278424 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Subsets: MEDLINE
    • Publication Information:
      Original Publication: Washington, DC : National Academy of Sciences
    • Subject Terms:
      Oryza*/growth & development ; Oryza*/genetics ; Global Warming*; Climate Change ; Crops, Agricultural/growth & development ; Carbon Dioxide/metabolism ; Carbon Dioxide/analysis ; Agriculture/methods ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Temperature ; Transcriptome
    • Abstract:
      Decreased production of crops due to climate change has been predicted scientifically. While climate-resilient crops are necessary to ensure food security and support sustainable agriculture, predicting crop growth under future global warming is challenging. Therefore, we aimed to assess the impact of realistic global warming conditions on rice cultivation. We developed a crop evaluation platform, the agro-environment (AE) emulator, which generates diverse environments by implementing the complexity of natural environmental fluctuations in customized, fully artificial lighting growth chambers. We confirmed that the environmental responsiveness of rice obtained in the fluctuation of artificial environments is similar to those exhibited in natural environments by validating our AE emulator using publicly available meteorological data from multiple years at the same location and multiple locations in the same year. Based on the representative concentration pathway, real-time emulation of severe global warming unveiled dramatic advances in the rice life cycle, accompanied by a 35% decrease in grain yield and an 85% increase in quality deterioration, which is higher than the recently reported projections. The transcriptome dynamism showed that increasing temperature and CO 2 concentrations synergistically changed the expression of various genes and strengthened the induction of flowering, heat stress adaptation, and CO 2 response genes. The predicted severe global warming greatly alters rice environmental adaptability and negatively impacts rice production. Our findings offer innovative applications of artificial environments and insights for enhancing varietal potential and cultivation methods in the future.
      Competing Interests: Competing interests statement:The authors declare no competing interest.
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    • Grant Information:
      BAC1004 MAFF | Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Research Council (AFFRC)
    • Contributed Indexing:
      Keywords: artificial environment; global warming; phenotyping; rice
    • Accession Number:
      142M471B3J (Carbon Dioxide)
    • Publication Date:
      Date Created: 20240513 Date Completed: 20240513 Latest Revision: 20240527
    • Publication Date:
      20240527
    • Accession Number:
      PMC11126993
    • Accession Number:
      10.1073/pnas.2316497121
    • Accession Number:
      38739807