Ectopic Fat Depots and Coronary Artery Calcium in South Asians Compared With Other Racial/Ethnic Groups.

Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101580524 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2047-9980 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 20479980 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Am Heart Assoc Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: Oxford : Wiley-Blackwell

Adipose Tissue/*diagnostic imaging ; Choristoma/*ethnology ; Coronary Artery Disease/*ethnology ; Ethnicity/*statistics & numerical data ; Vascular Calcification/*ethnology; Adult ; Black or African American ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Asian ; Bangladesh/ethnology ; Choristoma/diagnostic imaging ; Coronary Artery Disease/diagnostic imaging ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Heart Diseases/diagnostic imaging ; Heart Diseases/ethnology ; Hispanic or Latino ; Humans ; India/ethnology ; Intra-Abdominal Fat/diagnostic imaging ; Liver/diagnostic imaging ; Liver Diseases/diagnostic imaging ; Liver Diseases/ethnology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Muscle, Skeletal/diagnostic imaging ; Muscular Diseases/diagnostic imaging ; Muscular Diseases/ethnology ; Nepal/ethnology ; Pakistan/ethnology ; Pericardium/diagnostic imaging ; Sri Lanka/ethnology ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; United States ; Vascular Calcification/diagnostic imaging ; White People

Background: South Asians have a low body mass index and high prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) relative to other racial/ethnic groups. Radiographically detected ectopic fat distribution is better associated with CVD than body mass index. We assessed whether differences in ectopic fat depots explained differences in the prevalence/severity of coronary artery calcium (CAC), a predictor of incident CVD events, among South Asians compared with other racial/ethnic groups.
Methods and Results: We examined the associations of radiographically detected visceral, intermuscular, intrahepatic, and pericardial fat with CAC among adults without baseline CVD. We compared 803 South Asians in the Mediators of Atherosclerosis in South Asians Living in America to 4 racial/ethnic groups in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis: 2622 whites, 1893 blacks, 1496 Latinos, and 803 Chinese Americans. We adjusted for body mass index and known CVD risk factors. South Asians had the highest intrahepatic fat and lowest pericardial fat volume (PFV). There was a positive graded association between ectopic fat and higher CAC scores in all the groups with the strongest associations observed with PFV. PFV was independently associated with CAC severity in South Asians (P=0.01) and blacks (P=0.05) and borderline in whites (P=0.06). PFV partially explained the higher CAC burden in South Asians compared with blacks, but not the other racial/ethnic groups.
Conclusions: Differences in PFV explain a small fraction of the higher CAC burden in South Asians. Our findings suggest that ectopic fat depots may not explain the elevated CAC risk in South Asians.
(© 2016 The Authors. Published on behalf of the American Heart Association, Inc., by Wiley Blackwell.)

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R01 HL093009 United States HL NHLBI NIH HHS; UL1 TR001079 United States TR NCATS NIH HHS; K24 HL112827 United States HL NHLBI NIH HHS; P30 DK098722 United States DK NIDDK NIH HHS; UL1 TR000004 United States TR NCATS NIH HHS; UL1 RR024131 United States RR NCRR NIH HHS; UL1 TR000040 United States TR NCATS NIH HHS; R01 HL088451 United States HL NHLBI NIH HHS

Keywords: MESA (Multi‐Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis); South Asian; adipose tissue; coronary artery calcification; ethnicity; pericardial fat

Date Created: 20161119 Date Completed: 20171219 Latest Revision: 20221207

20231215

PMC5210365

10.1161/JAHA.116.004257

27856485