Proof of concept study: Testing human volatile organic compounds as tools for age classification of films.

Item request has been placed! ×
Item request cannot be made. ×
loading   Processing Request
Read Online Read More Add to Saved list
  • Additional Information
    • Source:
      Publisher: Public Library of Science Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101285081 Publication Model: eCollection Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1932-6203 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 19326203 NLM ISO Abbreviation: PLoS One Subsets: MEDLINE
    • Publication Information:
      Original Publication: San Francisco, CA : Public Library of Science
    • Subject Terms:
      Respiration*; Air Pollution, Indoor/*analysis ; Carbon Dioxide/*chemistry ; Motion Pictures/*classification; Butadienes/chemistry ; Hemiterpenes/chemistry ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Humans ; Motion Pictures/history ; Skin/chemistry ; Volatile Organic Compounds
    • Abstract:
      Humans emit numerous volatile organic compounds (VOCs) through breath and skin. The nature and rate of these emissions are affected by various factors including emotional state. Previous measurements of VOCs and CO2 in a cinema have shown that certain chemicals are reproducibly emitted by audiences reacting to events in a particular film. Using data from films with various age classifications, we have studied the relationship between the emission of multiple VOCs and CO2 and the age classifier (0, 6, 12, and 16) with a view to developing a new chemically based and objective film classification method. We apply a random forest model built with time independent features extracted from the time series of every measured compound, and test predictive capability on subsets of all data. It was found that most compounds were not able to predict all age classifiers reliably, likely reflecting the fact that current classification is based on perceived sensibilities to many factors (e.g. incidences of violence, sex, antisocial behaviour, drug use, and bad language) rather than the visceral biological responses expressed in the data. However, promising results were found for isoprene which reliably predicted 0, 6 and 12 age classifiers for a variety of film genres and audience age groups. Therefore, isoprene emission per person might in future be a valuable aid to national classification boards, or even offer an alternative, objective, metric for rating films based on the reactions of large groups of people.
      Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
    • References:
      Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2012 Jul 6;423(3):526-30. (PMID: 22683640)
      Indoor Air. 2018 Jan;28(1):164-172. (PMID: 28683154)
      PLoS One. 2015 Mar 04;10(3):e0118432. (PMID: 25738806)
      Indoor Air. 2017 Sep;27(5):868-879. (PMID: 28321932)
      Respir Physiol Neurobiol. 2006 Dec;154(3):478-83. (PMID: 16510318)
      Sci Rep. 2016 May 10;6:25464. (PMID: 27160439)
      Lipids. 1993 Aug;28(8):705-8. (PMID: 8377584)
      J Appl Physiol (1985). 2001 Aug;91(2):762-70. (PMID: 11457792)
    • Accession Number:
      0 (Butadienes)
      0 (Hemiterpenes)
      0 (Volatile Organic Compounds)
      0A62964IBU (isoprene)
      142M471B3J (Carbon Dioxide)
    • Publication Date:
      Date Created: 20181012 Date Completed: 20190307 Latest Revision: 20190307
    • Publication Date:
      20240104
    • Accession Number:
      PMC6181293
    • Accession Number:
      10.1371/journal.pone.0203044
    • Accession Number:
      30307954