A tale of two STs: molecular and clinical epidemiology of MRSA t304 in Norway 2008-2016.

Publisher: Springer Country of Publication: Germany NLM ID: 8804297 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1435-4373 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 09349723 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis Subsets: MEDLINE

Publication: Berlin : Springer
Original Publication: [Wiesbaden, Federal Republic of Germany] : Vieweg, [c1988-

Molecular Epidemiology*; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus/*genetics ; Staphylococcal Infections/*epidemiology ; Staphylococcal Infections/*microbiology; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Emigration and Immigration ; Female ; Genotype ; Genotyping Techniques ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus/classification ; Middle Aged ; Middle East ; Norway/epidemiology ; Nursing Homes ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Whole Genome Sequencing ; Young Adult

The purpose of this study was to investigate the epidemiological, molecular, and clinical characteristics of MRSA t304/ST8 and t304/ST6 in Norway from 2008 to 2016. Clinical and epidemiological data were collected for each case included in the study. Strains were characterized by PCR, spa typing, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, and whole genome sequencing. The overall number of cases of MRSA t304 increased from 27 in 2008 to 203 in 2016. Most MRSA t304/ST8 cases were defined as HA-MRSA (89.9%) and diagnosed in persons with Norwegian background, many of them living in nursing homes (62.3%). The number of t304/ST8 cases declined throughout the study period and it has not been reported in Norway since 2014. The increasing MRSA t304/ST6 genotype has mainly been introduced to Norway by immigration from the Middle East, but also from other parts of the world. The t304/ST6 clone is mostly classified as CA-MRSA (75.1%), does not seem to cause serious infections, is not multi-resistant, and has not yet caused outbreaks in Norway. This study provides an example of two MRSA clones with the same spa type found in different epidemiological settings. This is very unusual, but still a reminder that spa typing in some cases may have insufficient discriminatory power for surveillance of MRSA. Our results highlight the importance of active surveillance and characterization of emerging MRSA clones with high potential for spread in the community, which may potentially cause outbreaks in healthcare facilities.
(© 2021. The Author(s).)

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Keywords: Epidemiology; Genotyping; MRSA; Surveillance; t304/ST6; t304/ST8

Date Created: 20211023 Date Completed: 20220131 Latest Revision: 20220812

20231215

PMC8770451

10.1007/s10096-021-04353-9

34687359